Explanation
Toxemia of pregnancy occurs usually in women pregnant for the first time or with preexisting hypertension (high blood pressure) or vascular disease. The cause is unknown but is believed to be the failure of the mother’s body to adjust to the metabolic and physiological stresses of pregnancy. Strenuous work and an improper diet are also contributing factors. Toxemia in late pregnancy is called preeclampsia.
Considerations
Early symptoms are flushing or nausea in the mornings or an empty feeling in the stomach. The woman vomits food, gastric juice, and in severe cases, bile. She also has headaches, dizziness, occasional fever, and general tiredness. In preeclampsia, edema (water retention) precedes the other symptoms, appearing first in the legs and then extending to the face and hands. In severe toxemia (eclampsia) the pregnant woman suffers from hypertension, albuminuria, oliguria, mental confusion, convulsions and coma. Eclampsia is fatal if untreated.

